Core and Extensions Model

The GeoPackage specification is organized using a core and extensions model. The core represents the “least common denominator” that all compliant systems must conform to. It is fairly compact; there are two required metadata tables (contents and coordinate reference systems), three optional metadata tables (one for extensions and two for user-defined metadata), and two core content types (features and tiles, at least one of which must be present).

When existing GeoPackage capabilities are insufficient, new ones can be added through extensions. This allows systems to satisfy additional requirements in an interoperable way without adversely affecting the other systems which do not. If a system reading the GeoPackage recognizes an extension then it can use the associated data as intended. If not, the associated data is ignored. When in doubt, system developers should stick to the core because arbitrary systems are only expected to conform to it.

Extensions may be developed inside or outside the SWG and the standard describes how this is done. When considering whether the SWG should approve a new extension, I look for three things:

• Clear use case
• Sound technical approach that does not adversely affect the core
• A commitment to implementation by multiple implementers 

These things keep us focused on producing extensions that practical, relevant, and interoperable.

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[1] Extensions that are approved by OGC get a name with the “gpkg_” prefix.